L-carnitine, inozivikanwawo sevhitamini BT, chinhu chinovaka muviri chakafanana nevhitamini chinowanikwa mumhuka. Muindasitiri yezvikafu, yave ichishandiswa zvakanyanya sechinhu chakakosha chekuwedzera chikafu kwemakumi emakore. Basa rayo guru nderekushanda se "mota yekufambisa," ichiendesa mafuta acids akareba ku mitochondria kuti aoxidation uye aore, nokudaro ichigadzira simba.

Izvi zvinotevera ndiwo mashandisirwo makuru uye mabasa eL-carnitine mukudya kwemhuka dzakasiyana-siyana:

1. Kunyorera muchikafu chezvipfuyo nehuku.

• Kuvandudzwa kwekukura kwemhuka dzenguruve: Kuwedzera L-carnitine mukudya kwenguruve diki uye kukura nekudzikisa mafuta kunogona kuwedzera huremu hwenguruve zuva nezuva uye kuchinja kudya kwadzo. Zvinochengetedza mapuroteni nekukurudzira kushandiswa kwemafuta, zvichiita kuti mhuka dzikure dzakatetepa uye dzive nenyama yakanaka.
• Kuvandudza kugona kubereka kwenguruve: Nguruve dzesango dzakachengetwa: kukurudzira estrus uye kuwedzera mwero wekubereka. Nguruve dzine pamuviri nedzinoyamwisa: dzinobatsira kudzora mafuta emuviri, kuderedza kudzikira kwehuremu panguva yekuyamwisa, kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemukaka, nokudaro zvichivandudza huremu hwekuyamwisa kwenguruve uye mwero wekurarama. Panguva imwe chete, zvinobatsira kupfupisa nguva ye estrus mushure mekuyamwisa.
• Deredza kushushikana: Kana paine kushushikana kwakadai sekurega kurumurwa, kurumurwa, uye tembiricha yakakwira, L-carnitine inogona kubatsira mhuka kushandisa simba zvinobudirira, kuchengetedza hutano nekubudirira.

2. Chikafu chehuku (huku, madhadha, nezvimwewo) chemadhadha enyama/nyama:

• Zvinovandudza kuwedzera uremu uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekudya: zvinosimudzira kushandiswa kwemafuta mumuviri, zvinoderedza mafuta emudumbu, zvinowedzera huwandu hwetsandanyama dzechipfuva uye kugadzirwa kwetsandanyama dzemakumbo.
• Kuvandudza mhando yenyama: kuderedza mafuta uye kuwedzera mapuroteni. Huku/huku dzinoisa mazai: kuwedzera huwandu hwemazai: zvinopa simba rakawanda pakukura kwematumbu.
• Kuvandudza kunaka kwemazai: kunogona kuwedzera huremu hwemazai uye kuwedzera huwandu hwemazai anoberekeswa pamwe nekuchechenywa kwemazai.

Ⅱ Kushandiswa kwezvikafu zvemumvura:

Kushandiswa kweL-carnitine mukurima hove kwakakosha zvikuru, sezvo hove (kunyanya hove dzinodya nyama) dzinonyanya kushandisa mafuta nemapuroteni senzvimbo dzinopa simba.

Kurudzira kukura: kuwedzera zvakanyanya mwero wekukura uye kuwedzera huremu hwehove nekatsi.

• Kuvandudza chimiro chemuviri uye mhando yenyama: kukurudzira kuiswa kwemapuroteni, kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwakanyanya kwemafuta mumuviri nechiropa, kuita kuti hove dzive nechimiro chiri nani chemuviri, goho renyama rakawanda, uye kudzivirira zvinobudirira mafuta echiropa ane hutano.
• Kuchengetedza mapuroteni: Nekushandisa mafuta zvinobudirira pakupa simba, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemapuroteni pakushandisa simba, nokudaro kuderedza huwandu hwemapuroteni ekudya uye kuchengetedza mari.
• Kuvandudza mashandiro ekubereka: Kuvandudza kukura kwegomarara uye kunaka kwembeu yehove dzinobereka.

Ⅲ. Kushandiswa muzvipfuyo zvekudya

• Kudzora huremu: Kune mhuka dzinovaraidza dzakafuta, L-carnitine inogona kudzibatsira kupisa mafuta zvinobudirira uye inowanikwa zvakanyanya mukudya kwekuderedza huremu.
• Kuvandudza mashandiro emwoyo: Mishonga yemwoyo inonyanya kushandisa mafuta acids kuti ipe simba, uye L-carnitine inokosha pakuchengetedza hutano hwemwoyo uye inowanzoshandiswa semushonga unobatsira pakurapa cardiomyopathy mumbwa.
• Kuvandudza kutsungirira kwekurovedza muviri: Kune imbwa dzinoshanda, imbwa dzinomhanya, kana mhuka dzinovaraidza dzinoshanda, zvinogona kuwedzera kugona kwadzo mumitambo uye kuramba kuneta.
• Tsigira hutano hwechiropa: kusimudzira metabolism yemafuta echiropa uye kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwemafuta echiropa.

Ⅳ. Pfupiso yemaitiro ekuita:

• Chinhu chikuru chekushandiswa kwesimba: semutakuri, inotakura mafuta acids marefu kubva ku cytoplasm kuenda ku mitochondrial matrix kuti ioxidation ye beta, inova danho guru mukushandurwa kwemafuta kuita simba.

• Kugadzirisa chiyero cheCoA/acetyl CoA mu mitochondria: kunobatsira kubvisa mapoka eacetyl akawandisa anogadzirwa panguva yekuchinja kwemuviri uye kuchengetedza mashandiro ekuchinja kwemuviri mu mitochondria.

• Kuchengetedza mapuroteni: Kana mafuta achigona kushandiswa nemazvo, mapuroteni anogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya pakukura kwetsandanyama nekugadzirisa nyama, pane kuputswa-putswa kuti pave nesimba.

Ⅴ. Wedzera matanho ekudzivirira:

• Huwandu hwekuwedzera: Dhizaini chaiyo inodiwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwemhuka, danho rekukura, mamiriro emuviri, uye zvinangwa zvekugadzira, uye kwete kuti yakawanda ive nani. Huwandu hwekuwedzera hunowanzo kuve pakati pe50-500 magiramu patani yechikafu.

• Kushanda zvakanaka kwemutengo: L-carnitine chinhu chinodhura zvakanyanya, saka purofiti yayo mune mamwe masisitimu ekugadzira inofanirwa kuongororwa.

• Kubatana nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri: Ine simba rekubatana ne betaine, choline, mamwe mavhitamini, nezvimwewo, uye inogona kufungwa pamwe chete mukugadzira fomura.

Ⅵ. Mhedziso:

• L-carnitine chinhu chinobatsira pakudya kwemhuka chakachengeteka uye chinoshanda. Chinoita basa guru mukuvandudza kukura kwemhuka, kuvandudza mhando yemitumbi, kusimudzira kugona kubereka, uye kuchengetedza hutano nekuvandudza kushandiswa kwesimba mumuviri.

• Mukurima hove dzemazuva ano kwakasimba uye kunoshanda, kushandisa zvine musoro L-carnitine inzira imwe inokosha yekuwana kudya kwakakwana uye kuderedza mitengo uku uchiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka.

Trimethylamine hydrochlorideInonyanya kushandiswa se alkaline reagent mu quaternization reaction yeL-carnitine synthesis, kugadzirisa pH value ye reaction system, kukurudzira kuparadzaniswa kwe epichlorohydrin, uye kubatsira cyanide reaction inotevera.

Basa riri mukugadzirwa kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu:
Kugadziriswa kwePH: Munguva yechikamu che quaternization reaction,trimethylamine hydrochlorideinoburitsa mamorekuru eammonia kuti ibvise zvinhu zvine acidic zvinogadzirwa ne reaction, ichichengetedza kugadzikana kwe system pH uye ichidzivirira zvinhu zvine alkaline zvakanyanya kuti zvisakanganise mashandiro e reaction.
Kukurudzira Kugadziriswa: Semushonga wealkaline, trimethylamine hydrochloride inogona kukurumidzisa kugadziriswa kwe enantiomeric kwe epichlorohydrin uye kuwedzera goho rechinhu chinonangwa cheL-carnitine.

Nekudzora zvigadzirwa zvinotevera: Nekugadzirisa mamiriro ekuita, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvakaita seL-carnitine kunoderedzwa, zvichiita kuti matanho ekugadzirisa arambe ari nyore.