Potassium diformate(PDF) munyu wakasanganiswa wave uchishandiswa sechikafu chisiri chemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kukurudzira kukura kwezvipfuyo. Zvisinei, zvidzidzo zvishoma zvakanyorwa mumhando dzezvipenyu zvemumvura, uye kushanda kwayo kunopesana.

Ongororo yakaitwa kare paAtlantic salmon yakaratidza kuti kudya kwaive nehove dzakarapwa ne1.4v PDF kwakavandudza kushanda kwechikafu uye kukura kwacho. Zvakabuda kubva pakukura kwehybrid tilapia zvakaratidzawo kuti kuwedzerwa kwe0.2 muzana yePDF mukudya kwekuyedza kwakawedzera kukura nekushanda kwechikafu, uye kudzikira kwehutachiona hwebhakitiriya.

Kusiyana neizvi, ongororo yemhando yetilapia yemhando yejuvenile hybrid yakaratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kwePDF kusvika ku1.2 muzana yekudya hakuna kuratidza kufambira mberi mukukura, kunyangwe zvichideredza zvakanyanya mabhakitiriya emudumbu. Zvichibva paruzivo rushoma rwuripo, kushanda kwePDF mukushanda kwehove kunoita sekunosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi, nguva yehupenyu, huwandu hwekuwedzera kwePDF, fomura yekuyedza uye mamiriro ekurera.

Dhizaini yekuedza

vakaita bvunzo yekukura paOceanic Institute muHawaii, USA, kuti vaongorore mhedzisiro yePDF pakukura uye kugayiwa kwePacific white shrimp inorimwa mumvura yakachena. Yakatsigirwa nemari neUS Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service uye kuburikidza nechibvumirano chekushandira pamwe neYunivhesiti yeAlaska Fairbanks.

Shrimp chena yePacific yechidiki (Litopenaeus vannamei) dzakarimwa mumvura yakachena inoyerera mukati ine munyu we31 ppt uye tembiricha ye25 degrees-C. Vakapihwa kudya kwekuyedza katanhatu ne35 muzana yemapuroteni uye 6 muzana yemafuta ane PDF pa0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 kana 1.5 muzana.

Pa 100 g yega yega, chikafu chekutanga chakagadzirwa kuti chive nemagiramu 30.0 ehupfu hwesoya, magiramu 15.0 ehupfu hwepollock, magiramu 6.0 ehupfu hwesquid, magiramu 2.0 emafuta emenhaden, magiramu 2.0 e soy lecithin, magiramu 33.8 egorosi rose, 1.0 gram chromium oxide uye magiramu 11.2 ezvimwe zvinoshandiswa (kusanganisira maminerari nemavhitamini). Pakudya kwega kwega, matangi mana e52-L akazara pa12 shrimp/tangi. Nehuremu hwemuviri hwekutanga hwe0.84-gram, shrimp dzakapihwa nemaoko kana pazuva kuti dzigute kwemavhiki masere.

Pakuyedzwa kwekugayiwa kwenyama, magamba 120 ane huremu hwemuviri hwe9 kusvika ku10 magiramu akarimwa mune rimwe nerimwe rematangi 18, 550-L aine matangi matatu/kudya. Chromium oxide yakashandiswa sechiratidzo chemukati chekuyera chiyero chega chega chekugayiwa kwenyama.

Mhedzisiro

Kuwedzera kwehuremu hwemashrimp vhiki rega rega kwaisiyana kubva pa0.6 kusvika ku0.8 gramu uye kwaiwanzowedzera pakurapwa ne1.2 ne1.5 muzana yePDF diet, asi kwakanga kusina kusiyana zvakanyanya (P > 0.05) pakati pemishonga yekudya. Kurarama kwemashrimp kwaive ne97 muzana kana kupfuura mukuyedzwa kwekukura.

Zviyero zvekuchinja kwekudya (FCRs) zvaive zvakafanana pakudya kwacho ne0.3 ne0.6 muzana yePDF, uye zvese zvaive zvakaderera pane FCR pakudya kwacho kwe1.2 muzana yePDF (P < 0.05). Zvisinei, maFCR ekutonga, 1.2 ne1.5 muzana yePDF kudya kwacho kwakafanana (P > 0.05).

Makamba akadyiswa chikafu che1.2 muzana aive nekugayiwa kwakaderera (P < 0.05) kwezvinhu zvakaoma, mapuroteni uye simba guru pane mamwe makamba akadyiswa mamwe madhiri (Mufananidzo 2). Zvisinei, kugayiwa kwadzo kwema lipids ekudya hakuna kukanganiswa (P > 0.05) nemazinga ePDF.

Maonero

Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti kuwedzerwa kwePDF kusvika ku1.5 muzana mukudya hakuna kukanganisa kukura nekurarama kweshrimp dzakarimwa mumvura yakachena. Izvi zvakafanana nezvakawanikwa kare nehybrid young tilapia, asi zvakasiyana nezvakawanikwa mukutsvagisa neAtlantic salmon uye kukura kwehybrid tilapia.

Migumisiro yePDF yekudya paFCR uye kugaya kwakaratidza kuti munhu anovimba nedosi yemushonga muongororo iyi. Zvinogoneka kuti FCR yakakwira ye1.2 muzana yekudya kwePDF yakakonzerwa nekusagona kugayiwa kwemapuroteni, zvinhu zvakaoma uye simba guru rekudya. Pane ruzivo rushoma nezvemigumisiro yePDF pakugaya zvinovaka muviri mumhuka dzemumvura.

Zvakabuda muchidzidzo ichi zvakasiyana nezvakataurwa kare zvaiti kuwedzerwa kwePDF muhupfu hwehove panguva yekuchengetera chikafu chisati chagadzirwa kwakawedzera kugayiwa kwemapuroteni. Kushanda kwakasiyana kwePDF yekudya kwakawanikwa muzvidzidzo zvemazuva ano nezvekare kungave kwakakonzerwa nemamiriro akasiyana, akadai semhando dzekuongorora, maitiro ekurera, maitiro ekudya kana mamwe mamiriro ekuyedza. Chikonzero chaicho chemusiyano uyu chakanga chisina kujeka uye chinoda kuferefetwa kwakawanda.