Chikafu ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti nguruve idye zvakanaka. Ndiyo nzira inodiwa yekuwedzera kudya kwenguruve uye kuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvayo zvakanaka, uye tekinoroji yakapararira pasi rose. Kazhinji, huwandu hwezvikafu zvinowedzerwa muzvikafu hahuzopfuuri 4%, zvinova zvakakwira, uye mari yekuwedzera ichawedzera zvisingadzivisike, izvo zvisingakoshi kuvarimi.

Mubvunzo 1: Sei nguruve dzichida zvekudya uye zvekudya zvinowedzerwa pakudya izvozvi?

Mafuta enguruve, chinhu chikuru idyai makaguta, idyai zvakanaka.

Qiao Shiyan, purofesa paChina Agricultural University, akati chikafu ndicho chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti nguruve dzidye zvakanaka.zvinowedzerwa zvekudyandiyo hwaro hwezvinhu uye vimbiso yehunyanzvi yeindasitiri yenguruve yemazuva ano, matanho anodiwa ekuwedzera kudya kwenguruve uye kuona kuti chigadzirwa chakanaka, pamwe chete netekinoroji iri kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya pasi rose. Tekinoroji yekuberekesa, kushandiswa kwechikafu, kutenderera kwekuberekesa, huremu hwenguruve, mhando yenyama uye kuchengetedzeka kwechigadzirwa cheChina zvakafanana neizvo zveUnited States, Germany, Denmark nedzimwe nyika hombe dzenguruve, zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa pasi rose uye mitemo yekutengeserana nekutumira kunze kwenyika.

Zvekuwedzera zvekudya, zvinosanganisirazvinovaka muviri, zvinowedzerwa zvakajairika uyezvinowedzerwa pamishonga, zvine mhedzisiro shoma muchikafu. Chikafu chega chega chega chinogona kugadzirisa dambudziko rekuti nguruve "dzaguta", uye zvinovaka muviri zvinonyanya kuve maamino acid nemavhitamini emhando yekudya, izvo zvinogadzirisa dambudziko rekuti nguruve "dzidye zvakanaka". Kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwezvinovaka muviri muchikafu kunogona kudzivirira nekudzora zvirwere zvakajairika uye zvakawanda zvenguruve. Nekushandisa nguva yekurega kushandisa mishonga muchikafu, zvinosara zvemishonga munguruve zvinogona kudzorwa zvisina njodzi. Kuwedzera ma antioxidants nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri muchikafu, zvakawanda zvacho zvakajairika muindasitiri yechikafu, ndezvemhando yechikafu, uye hazvina kukuvadza kukura kwenguruve kana mhando yenguruve.

Hurumende inorambidza pachena kuwedzera phenobarbital nemimwe mishonga inonyaradza hypnotic uye anticonvulsant muchikafu. Hazvidikanwi kuwedzera mapiritsi ekurara kuti nguruve dzirare zvakanyanya, dzifambe zvishoma uye dzikure mafuta nekukurumidza, nekuti mashandiro enguruve dzakabatwa madiki kwazvo, saka mishonga inonyaradza haidiwi. Urea, Arsenic Preparation uye copper zvinotenderwa kuwedzerwa muchikafu, asi zvese zvine zvirambidzo zvinoenderana uye hazvifanirwe kushandiswa paunoda. Urea rudzi rwefertilizer ine nitrogen yakawanda. Kana huwandu hushoma hwe urea hukashandiswa mumhuka dzinochera dzakadai semombe nemakwai, hunogona kuodzwa ne urea inoburitswa ne tumbuyu tudiki twe rumen, uye ipapo hunogona kunyudzwa nekugayiwa nekugadzira mapuroteni. Nguruve hadzina rumen zvachose, saka zvakaoma kushandisa nitrogen mu urea. Kana dosage yacho yakanyanya, inototungamira muchetura nekufa kwenguruve. Kana tichitaura nezvemhedzisiro yekuwedzera copper, kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwe copper muchikafu chete kunogona kukurudzira kukura kwenguruve. Mutemo chaiwo wekuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwemhangura ndewekuti huwandu hwekuwedzera kwemhangura mu 1000 kg yekudya haufanirwe kudarika 200 g.

Mubvunzo 2: Nguruve dzinogona sei kukura kusvika 200-300 Jin mushure memwedzi mitanhatu?

Hunhu hwenguruve nehuwandu hwayo, kuberekesa kwesainzi ndiko kunokosha.

Wang Lixian, muongorori paBeijing Institute of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine yeChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, akati kupfuya nguruve nesainzi kunogona kuvimbisa mhando uye huwandu. Parizvino, kupfuya nguruve kwakajairika kunowanzova mazuva 150-180. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekukura nekukurumidza uye kupfupika kwekukora kwenguruve "nhatu dzakanaka": nguruve yakanaka, chikafu chakanaka uye denderedzwa rakanaka, kureva kuti, rudzi rwenguruve yakanaka,chikafu chakachengetekauye nzvimbo yekuberekesa iri nani. Kugadzirwa kwenguruve dzekutengesa kunonyanya kusanganiswa kwenguruve nhatu dzeDuroc, Landrace nenguruve hombe chena. Zvakajairika kuti nguruve idzi dzemhando yepamusoro dzitengeswe mumazuva angangoita 160. Nguva yekutengesa nguruve dziri nani dzekunze ipfupi. Nguva yekukora yenguruve dzinoberekesa mhando dzakasiyana dzenguruve dzemuno yakareba, uye avhareji yenguva yekuberekesa imazuva 180-200.

Pamatanho akasiyana ekukora nguruve isati yaurayiwa, chiyero chechikafu chakasiyana, uye chiyero chekudya kwenguruve chinosvika 300 kg. Kukura kwenguruve kuchawedzerwa nemwedzi mumwe chete kana dzikasapihwa chikafu uye dzichipihwa chikafu chenguruve chetsika chete senge zviyo zvakakora nehuswa hwenguruve. Kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwezvekudya zvemazuva ano nezvekudya zvinovandudza zvakanyanya chiyero chekuchinja chikafu, kunoderedza mutengo wekugadzira nguruve, uye kuisa hwaro hwakasimba hwesainzi kuti indasitiri yenguruve iwane mabhenefiti akanaka munharaunda nehupfumi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nekushandiswa kwesainzi yemazuva ano yekudya uye tekinoroji, chiyero chekuchinja chikafu chefomula muChina chakawedzera zvakanyanya, uye chiyero chemupiro wesainzi netekinoroji mukuchengeta mhuka chapfuura 40%. Chiyero chekuchinja chikafu chefomula yenguruve chakawedzera kubva pa4 ∶ 1 kusvika 3 ∶ 1. Kare, zvaitora gore rimwe kurera nguruve, asi ikozvino inogona kutengeswa mumwedzi mitanhatu, izvo zvisingaparadzaniswi nekufambira mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekudya nehwekubereka.

Wang Lixian akati indasitiri yenguruve yemazuva ano inozivikanwa nekuberekesa nguruve hombe iri kukura nekukurumidza, uye pfungwa yekuberekesa nedanho rekutarisira zviri kuramba zvichivandudzika. Nekuvandudza nzvimbo yekuberekesa uye kushandisa mushonga wendove yezvipfuyo usingakuvadzi, matambudziko ezvirwere zvikuru zvedenda uye marara emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya akagadziriswa zvishoma nezvishoma. Kukura kwenguruve kwakapfupikiswa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye huremu hwenguruve imwe neimwe hwaisvika 200 kg.