Kudyisachakuvhuvhuinokonzerwa nechakuvhuvhu. Kana hunyoro hwezvinhu zvakabikwa hwakakodzera, chakuvhuvhu chinowanda zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera chakuvhuvhu.chifuyo chevhu, hunhu hwayo hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari huchachinja, Aspergillus flavus ichikonzera kukuvadza kukuru.

1. Matanho ekudzivirira chakuvhuvhu:

(1) Kudzora hunyoro Kudzora hunyoro zvinoreva kudzora hunyoro muzvikafu uye hunyoro hwenzvimbo yekuchengetera. Chinhu chikuru chekudzivirira chakuvhuvhu pakudya kwezviyo ndechekukurumidza kuderedza hunyoro hwacho kusvika panzvimbo yakachengeteka mukati menguva pfupi mushure mekukohwa. Kazhinji, nzungu dzenzungu dziri pasi pe8%, chibage chiri pasi pe12.5%, uye hunyoro hwezviyo huri pasi pe13%. Saka, chakuvhuvhu hachina kukodzera kubereka, saka hunyoro uhwu hunonzi hunyoro hwakachengeteka. Hunyoro hwakachengeteka hwezvikafu zvakasiyana-siyana hunosiyana. Pamusoro pezvo, hunyoro hwakachengeteka hunobatanidzwawo nekupisa kwekuchengetedza.

(2) Kudzora tembiricha kusvika pasi pe12 ℃ kunogona kudzora kubereka kweforoma uye kugadzirwa kwechepfu zvinobudirira.

(3) Kuti zvidzivise kurumwa nezvipembenene uye kupararira kwezvipembenene, nzira dzekudzora nadzo makemikari dzinofanira kushandiswa kurapa zvipembenene zvinochengeta zviyo, uye kungwarira kunofanira kupiwa pakudzivirira zvipembenene, sezvo kurumwa nezvipembenene kana zvipembenene kunogona kukuvadza tsanga dzezviyo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuti chakuvhuvhu chibereke uye chikonzere kukura kwefungus.

(4) Zvinhu zvekugadzira chikafu uye chikafu chefomula chinogadzirwa nemishonga inodzivirira kuumbwa kwevhu zvinokurumidza kubatwa nevhu, saka mishonga inodzivirira kuumbwa kwevhu inogona kushandiswa kudzora kuumbwa kwevhu panguva yekugadzirisa. Mishonga inowanzoshandiswa yefungicides i organic acids nemunyu, iyo propionic acid nemunyu zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya.

2. Matanho ekubvisa chepfu mumuviri

Kana chikafu chasvibiswa nehupfu hwefungus, kuedza kuparadza kana kubvisa hupfu hwacho kunofanira kuitwa. Nzira dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya ndeidzi:

(1) Bvisa zvidimbu zvechikohwe

Chepfu inonyanya kuwanikwa muzviyo zvakakuvara, zvine chakuvhuvhu, zvakachinja ruvara, uye zvinodyiwa nezvipembenene. Kuti uderedze huwandu hwechepfu, zviyo izvi zvinogona kusarudzwa. Shandisa nzira dzemaoko kana dzemuchina kutanga wasarudza chikafu, kubvisa chikafu chine chakuvhuvhu, wozoomesa chikafu chine chakuvhuvhu kuti uzadzise chinangwa chekubvisa chepfu mumuviri uye kudzivirira chakuvhuvhu.

(2) Kurapa kupisa

Pamakeke esoya nembeu, 48% -61% yeAspergillus flavus B1 uye 32% -40% yeAspergillus flavus C1 inogona kuparadzwa nekubika pa150 ℃ kwemaminitsi makumi matatu kana kupisa mu microwave kwemaminitsi 8-9.

(3) Kugeza nemvura

Kunyika nekusukurudza nemvura yakachena kakawanda kunogona kubvisa chepfu inonyunguduka mumvura. Zvinhu zvakachekwa zvakaita sesoya nechibage zvinogona kusukurudzwa nemvura yakachena mushure mekupwanywa kana kusukurudzwa kakawanda ne2% Limewater kubvisa mycotoxins.

(4) Nzira yekunyudza

Zvinonyungudutsa zvakaita se activated carbon ne white clay zvinogona kunyungudutsa chepfu dzefungus, zvichideredza kunyunguduka kwadzo nedumbu.

Kudya chikafu chakasvibiswa nezvipfuyo nehuku kunogona kukonzera zvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita sekudzikamisa kukura kwemhuka, kudzikira kwekudya, uye matambudziko ekugaya chikafu, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya mabhenefiti ehupfumi. Zvakakosha kungwarira kudzivirira nekudzora.