Nekuwedzera kwekukura kwetsika uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwetsika, chirwere cheApostichopus japonicus chave chichikura zvakanyanya, izvo zvakaunza kurasikirwa kukuru kuindasitiri yekurima hove. Zvirwere zveApostichopus japonicus zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nemabhakitiriya, mavhairasi uye ciliates, pakati pazvo chirwere chekuora kweganda chinokonzerwa neVibrio brilliant ndicho chakakomba zvikuru. Nekuwedzera kwechirwere ichi, madziro emuviri eApostichopus japonicus maronda, achigadzira mavara ebhuruu nemachena, uye pakupedzisira anonyungudika kusvika afa, achinyungudika kuita mucus wemhino secolloid. Mukudzivirira nekurapa kwechirwere chetsika, maantibiotic anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Asi kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya hakuna kungokonzera njodzi yakavanzika yekusagona mabhakitiriya uye mishonga, asiwo kunounza kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Naizvozvo, kugadzirwa kwegadziriro isina kusvibisa, isina masara, uye yakachengeteka yekuderedza chirwere chesea cucumber ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kutsvagurudzwa pari zvino.

Potassium diformate ipfu chena yakapfava, yakaoma uye isina kunaka. Ndiyo yekutanga isina mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakatenderwa neEuropean Union kutsiva mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Inogona kukurudzira kukura kwemhuka dzakakura, kudzivirira kukura kwebhakitiriya inokuvadza, uye kugadzirisa nharaunda yemudumbu, Potassium diformate inogona kuvandudza kukura nekukura kwezvisikwa zvemumvura.

1 Mhedzisiro yebvunzo

1.1 Mhedzisiro ye potassium diformate mukudya pakukura nekurarama kwe sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Kukura kweApostichopus japonicus kwakawedzera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwepotassium diformate mukudya. Kana huwandu hwepotassium diformate mukudya hwasvika pa0.8%, kureva kuti, apo huwandu hwepotassium diformate mukudya hwaive 1.0% uye 1.2%, huwandu hweApostichopus japonicus hwakanga hwakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura hwemamwe marapirwo, Asi pakanga pasina musiyano wakakosha (P > 0.05) (tafura 2-2). Kurarama kwesea cucumber kwaive 100% mumapoka ese.

1.2 Mhedzisiro ye potassium diformate mukudya pakudzivirira muviri kwe sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Zvichienzaniswa neboka rekutonga, mazinga akasiyana e potassium dicarboxylate anogona kuvandudza kugona kwe phagocytic kwema coelomocytes uye kugadzirwa kwe O2 - mumadhigirii akasiyana (tafura 2-3). Apo potassium diformate yakawedzerwa pa 1.0% uye 1.2%, basa re phagocytic rema coelomocytes uye kugadzirwa kwe reactive oxygen species O2 - mu sea cucumber zvaive zvakanyanya kupfuura zviri muboka rekutonga, asi pakanga pasina mutsauko wakakosha pakati pe1% ne1.2% potassium diformate groups, kana pakati pemamwe mazinga e potassium diformate neboka rekutonga. Nekuwedzera kwe potassium dicarboxylate content mu feed, SOD ne NOS zve sea cucumber zvakawedzera.

1.3 Mhedzisiro ye potassium diformate mukudya pakudzivirira kwe sea cucumber kuhutachiona hweVibrio brilliant

1.4 Mazuva mushure mekusangana nematambudziko, huwandu hwevanhu vakafa nehove dzemugungwa muboka rekudzora hwaive 46.67%, izvo zvaive zvakanyanya kupfuura zviri mumapoka e0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% uye 1.2% epotassium diformate (26.67%, 26.67%, 30%, 30% uye 23.33%), asi pakanga pasina musiyano wakakosha neboka rekurapa re0.2% (38.33%). Huwandu hwevanhu vakafa nehove dzemugungwa mumapoka e0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% uye 1.2% epotassium diformate hwakanga husina musiyano wakakosha.

2. Kukurukurirana

2.1 Mhedzisiro yepotassium dicarboxylate pakukura kwe sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Mumhuka, mashandiro e potassium dicarboxylate anonyanya kupinda mudumbu, kuvandudza mamiriro emudumbu, kudzora pH, uye kuuraya mabhakitiriya anokuvadza (Ramli na sunanto, 2005). Pamusoro pezvo, potassium diformate inogonawo kukurudzira kunyudzwa kwezvinovaka muviri muchikafu uye kuvandudza kugaya uye mwero wekushandiswa kwemhuka dzakakurira. Mukushandiswa kwemhuka dzemumvura, kuyedza kwakaratidza kuti potassium diformate inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukura uye mwero wekurarama kweshrimp (he Suxu, Zhou Zhigang, et al., 2006). Muchidzidzo ichi, kukura kwe sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) kwakakurudzirwa nekuwedzera potassium dicarboxylate kuchikafu, izvo zvaienderana nemigumisiro yekushandiswa kwe potassium dicarboxylate munguruve diki uye nguruve dzakapedza dzakataurwa na verland. M (2000).

2.2 Mhedzisiro yepotassium dicarboxylate pakudzivirira kwe sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Apostichopus japonicus ine nzira imwechete yekudzivirira semamwe ma echinoderms, ayo anozadzikiswa nemhinduro yekudzivirira yemasero uye isiri yemasero (humoral). Inonyanya kushandiswa kuona nekubvisa mitumbi yekunze inopinda mumuviri wemhuka, kana kuita kuti mitumbi yekunze ive zvinhu zvisina njodzi, uye kugadzirisa maronda. Mhinduro yekudzivirira yemasero e echinoderms inozadziswa nemhando dzakasiyana dze coelomocytes, dzinoumba sisitimu yekudzivirira ye echinoderms. Mabasa makuru emasero aya anosanganisira phagocytosis, cytotoxin reaction, uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinorwisa mabhakitiriya padanho rekuvharika (kudriavtsev, 2000). Mukuita kwe phagocytosis, ma coelomocytes anogona kukonzerwa nemabhakitiriya kana bacterial cell wall components kuti agadzire reactive oxygen species (ROS), kusanganisira no, H2O2, oh uye O2 -. Mukuyedza uku, kuwedzera 1.0% uye 1.2% potassium dicarboxylate mukudya kwakawedzera zvakanyanya basa re phagocytic rema coelomocytes uye kugadzirwa kwe reactive oxygen species. Zvisinei, mashandiro e potassium diformate anowedzera phagocytic activity uye O2 - kugadzirwa kunofanirwa kudzidzwa zvakanyanya.

2.3 Mhedzisiro yepotassium dicarboxylate pamiti yemudumbu ye sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Potassium dicarboxylate inogona kupatsanurwa kuita formic acid uye kuumbwa munzvimbo isina simba yealkaline uye kupinda mumasero e microbial kuburikidza ne cell membrane. Inogona kushandura nharaunda yekugara kwe microorganisms dzinokuvadza dzakadai seEscherichia coli neSalmonella nekuchinja pH value mukati memasero uye kudzivirira kuberekana kwawo, kuitira kudzora intestinal microecological balance (eidelsburger, 1998). Mhedzisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate pa microflora yemudumbu, macroscopically, H+ inokonzerwa nekuora kwe potassium dicarboxylate inoderedza pH value mudumbu uye inodzivisa kukura kwe microflora yemudumbu. Microscopically, H+ inopinda mumasero ebhakitiriya kuburikidza ne cell membrane, inoparadza zvakananga mashandiro ema enzymes emukati memasero, inokanganisa metabolism ye microbial protein ne nucleic acid, uye inoita basa mu sterilization (Roth, 1998). Mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti potassium diformate haina simba guru pabhakitiriya rese remudumbu re sea cucumber, asi inogona kudzivirira zvakanyanya huwandu hweVibrio.

2.4 Mhedzisiro yepotassium dicarboxylate pakurwisa zvirwere zve sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Vibrio splendens ibhakitiriya rinokonzera kuora kweganda remugungwa, iro rinokuvadza kugadzirwa nekurima mugungwa. Kuedza uku kwakaratidza kuti kuwedzera potassium dicarboxylate muchikafu chemhuka kwakaderedza kufa kwemugungwa une utachiona hweVibrio brilliant. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvine chekuita nekudzivirira kwepotassium diformate paVibrio.

3 Mhedziso

Zvakabuda zvakaratidza kuti potassium diformate ine simba guru pakukura kweApostichopus japonicus, ine simba rakanaka pakudzivirira muviri kweApostichopus japonicus, uye yakawedzera simba rekudzivirira muviri reApostichopus japonicus kubva mumasero. Kuwedzerwa kwepotassium dicarboxylate mukudya kwakaderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwebhakitiriya inokuvadza mudumbu reSea Cucumber, uye kwakawedzera simba rekudzivirira chirwere cheSea Cucumber ine Vibrio brilliant. Mukupedzisa, potassium dicarboxylate inogona kushandiswa semushonga wekudzivirira muviri mukudya kweSea Cucumber, uye chiyero chakakodzera chepotassium dicarboxylate i1.0%.