Munyu weQuaternary ammoniuminogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka pakuuraya utachiona mukurima gungwa, asi kunofanira kutariswa nzira chaiyo yekushandisa uye kuyera huwandu hwezvinhu kuti zvisakuvadze zvipenyu zvemumvura.

1,Chii chinonzi munyu we quaternary ammonium
Munyu weQuaternary ammoniummushonga wekuuraya utachiona usingadhuri, unoshanda, uye unoshandiswa zvakanyanya une mushonga wemakemikari (CnH2n+1) (CH3) 3N+X -, apo X - inogona kuva Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, nezvimwewo. Mumvura inobuda, inoonekwa sejeri kana mvura uye inogona kuuraya tupukanana tudiki twakadai semabhakitiriya, mavhairasi, fungi, nezvimwewo. Haisi nyore kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvipenyu uye kuomarara kwemvura.
2,Nheyo yekuuraya utachionamunyu we quaternary ammonium
Pfungwa yekuuraya utachiona ye quaternary ammonium salts ndeyekuparadza membrane yesero nemapuroteni emabhakitiriya, zvichiita kuti arasikirwe nekukwanisa kukura nekubereka. Mhedzisiro yekuuraya utachiona ye quaternary ammonium salts ine chekuita nezvinhu zvakaita sekuwanda, pH kukosha, nguva yekubata, uye tembiricha.
3,Maitiro ekushandisa quaternary ammonium salts nemazvo
1. Kudzora kutarisisa
Kana munyu we quaternary ammonium unoshandiswa kuuraya utachiona mukurima gungwa, huwandu hwacho hunofanira kudzorwa zvichienderana nehukuru uye kuoma kwemvura. Kazhinji, kushandisa munyu we 0.1% -0.2% quaternary ammonium kunogona kuuraya utachiona zvinobudirira, asi haugone kudarika 0.5%.
2. Nguva yekuonana
Kana uchishandisa quaternary ammonium salts pakuuraya utachiona, zvakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti wabata mvura nemvura. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti uuraye kwemaminitsi makumi matatu kusvika maawa maviri.
3. Kudzora mafrequency
Pakushandisa munyu we quaternary ammonium pakuuraya utachiona, kuwanda kwehutachiona kunofanirawo kudzorwa. Kushandiswa zvakanyanya kunogona kukanganisa nharaunda yemumvura, uye kazhinji hakufanirwe kudarika kamwe chete pasvondo.
4, Kudzivirira
1. Dzivisa kushandiswa zvakanyanya
Kushandisa zvakanyanya munyu we quaternary ammonium kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwe ammonia nitrogen ne nitrogen mumvura, zvichikanganisa nharaunda yemvura uye zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai sekufa kwezvisikwa zvemumvura.
2. Dzivisa kusanganisa nemimwe mishonga
Munyu we quaternary ammonium haufanirwe kusanganiswa nemimwe mishonga yekuuraya utachiona, zvikasadaro zvinogona kuitika makemikari, zvichiita kuti hutachiona husashande zvakanaka uye zvingangokonzera zvinhu zvinokuvadza.
3. Ngwarira kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu
Munyu weQuaternary ammoniummushonga wekuuraya utachiona usingakanganisi zvakanyanya, uye magirovhosi anofanira kupfekwa paunenge uchiushandisa, uchidzivisa kusangana nemaziso nemuromo. Kana ukamedzwa kana kuti ukapinda mumaziso netsaona, geza maziso nekukurumidza wotsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba.
5, Kuongorora Kuchengetedzeka
Kunyangwe zvakadaromunyu we quaternary ammoniumMishonga yekuuraya utachiona inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, zvichiri kudiwa kuti unyatsoteerera nzira chaiyo yekushandisa panguva yekushandisa kudzivirira migumisiro yakaipa panharaunda yemumvura nezvisikwa zvemumvura.

Ongororo dzakabatana dzakaratidza kuti kana tikashandisa zvakanaka huwandu hwemvura inouraya utachiona uye kuiuraya kakawanda, munyu we quaternary ammonium une chepfu shoma.zvipenyu zvemumvurauye hazvizove nemigumisiro yakakura pavari.

Nheyo yekushanda kwe quaternary ammonium munyu wetrimethylamine oxide (TMAO)inonyanya kuratidzwa muhunhu hwayo hwe surfactant uye kugadzikana kwemakemikari:
Basa repamusoro:munyu we quaternary ammoniumChimiro chayo chinoipa hunhu huviri hwekunyungudika kwemvura uye hwekunyungudika kwemvura, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kushushikana kwemvura pamusoro. Mumasepa ekuchenesa, hunhu uhwu hunobatsira kubvisa mavara emafuta: mugumo wemvura unobatanidza nemvura, uye mugumo wemvura unobatanidza nemafuta, zvichiita micelles kuti ifukidze tsvina.
Kugadzikana kwechimiro: Polarity ye nitrogen oxygen bond (N → O) ye quaternary ammonium salts yakasimba, iyo inogona kudzikamisa chimiro chetatu-dimensional chemapuroteni. Mukudzora kumanikidzwa kwe osmotic, mapuroteni anodzivirirwa kubva ku denaturation factors dzakadai se urea ne ammonia nitrogen kuburikidza ne charge interactions.
Hunhu husina kusimba hwekuoxidation: Sechinhu chinodzivirira okisijeni zvishoma, maatomu eokisijeni ari mumunyu we quaternary ammoniumchimiro chinogona kutamisirwa kune zvimwe zvinhu (zvakadai se aldehyde synthesis reactions) uye chozvideredza kuita trimethylamine

Muchidimbu,munyu we quaternary ammoniuminogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka pakuuraya utachiona mukurima gungwa, asi kungwarira kunofanira kupiwa pakushandisa nzira dzakarurama uye huwandu hwayo kudzivirira kukuvadza zvisikwa zvemumvura.