Potassium diformate, ine yakasarudzika antibacterial maitiro uye physiological regulatory mabasa, iri kubuda seimwe yakanakira imwe nzira yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya mukurima shrimp. Byinhibiting pathogens, kunatsiridza hutano hwematumbu, kudzora kunaka kwemvura,uyekuwedzera immune immune, inokurudzira kukura kwegirinhi uye hutano hwemvura yegungwa.

Potassium diformate, sechinyorwa chinonzi organic acid salt additive, chakaratidza tarisiro yakafara yekushandiswa muindasitiri yezve aquaculture mumakore achangopfuura, kunyanya mukurima shrimp uko kunoratidza maitiro akawanda. Mushonga uyu, wakaumbwa nefomic acid uye potassium ions, uri kubuda seimwe nzira yakanakira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nekuda kwemaitiro ayo akasiyana ekurwisa mabhakitiriya uye mabasa ekudzora muviri. Kukosha kwayo kukuru mukurima shrimp kunonyanya kuratidzwa mumativi mana: pathogen inhibition, intestinal hutano hwekuvandudza, kudzora kwemhando yemvura, uye kusimudzira kusadzivirirwa. Aya mabasa anobatana kuti aumbe hwaro hwakakosha hwehunyanzvi hwekuchengetedza hutano hwemvura.

Panyaya yekutsiviwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, iyo antibacterial nzira ye potassium diformate ine zvakakosha zvakanakira. Kana potassium diformate ichipinda mudumbu re shrimp, inoparadzanisa uye inoburitsa mamorekuru efomic acid munzvimbo ine acidic. Aya formic acid mamorekuru anogona kupinda mukati mebhakitiriya cell membranes uye kupatsanurwa mune hydrogen ions uye kugadzira maion mune alkaline cytoplasmic nharaunda, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwepH kukosha mukati memasero ebhakitiriya uye kukanganisa mabasa avo emazuva ese emetabolic.

Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti potassium diformate ine yakakosha inhibitory mhedzisiro pane yakajairika shrimp pathogenic mabhakitiriya akadai seVibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, uye Escherichia coli, ine zvishoma inhibitory concentration (MIC) ye0.5% -1.5%. Kuenzaniswa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, iyi nzira yemuviri inorwisa mabhakitiriya haikonzeri kurwisa kwebhakitiriya uye hapana njodzi yekusara kwezvinodhaka.

Kuronga kwehutano hwematumbo nderimwe basa rekutanga re potassium diformate. Kuburitswa kwefomic acid hakungodziviriri mabhakitiriya anokuvadza chete, asiwo kunogadzira nharaunda yakanaka yekuwedzera kweprobiotics senge lactic acid bacteria uye bifidobacteria. Iko optimization yeiyi microbial nharaunda dhizaini inovandudza zvakanyanya kugayiwa uye kunyudza kunyatsoita ura.

Potassium diformateinoratidza yakasarudzika mhedzisiro isina kunanga mukutonga kwemhando yemvura. Muchinyakare chemumvura, inosvika 20% -30% yenitrogen yekudyisa haina kunyudzwa zvizere uye inoiswa mumiviri yemvura, ichiva iyo huru yeammonia nitrogen uye nitrite. Nekuvandudza kushandiswa kwechikafu, potassium diformate inobudirira inoderedza nitrogen excretion.

Data yekuedza inoratidza kuti kuwedzera 0.5%potassium diformateinogona kuderedza huwandu hwe nitrogen mu shrimp tsvina ne 18% -22% uye phosphorus content ne 15% -20%. Iyi mhedzisiro yekudzikisa emission inonyanya kukosha mumvura cycle aquaculture system (RAS), iyo inogona kudzora huwandu hwepamusoro hwenitrite mumvura iri pasi pe0.1mg/L, pazasi pechikumbaridzo chekuchengetedza shrimp (0.5mg/L). Uye zvakare, potassium diformate pachayo zvishoma nezvishoma kushatisa kuva carbon dioxide uye mvura mumvura mitumbi, pasina kukonzera chechipiri kusvibiswa, zvichiita kuti zvakatipoteredza ushamwari kuwedzera.

Iyo immune enhancing mhedzisiro ndeimwe ratidziro yekukosha kwekushandisa kwe potassium diformate. Ura hune hutano hausi nhengo chete yekutora chikafu, asiwo yakakosha kudzivirira kudzivirira. Potassium diformate inoderedza systemic kuzvimba mhinduro nekudzora kuenzana kwegut microbiota uye kuderedza kukurudzira kwepathogenic bacteria paintestinal epithelium. Tsvagiridzo yakawana kuti kuwedzera potassium diformate kune shrimp vanhu kunowedzera huwandu hweropa lymphocytes ne30% -40%, uye zvakanyanya kukwidziridza basa rema enzymes ane hukama senge phenoloxidase (PO) uye superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, kushandiswa kwe potassium diformate kunoda chiyero chesainzi. Mari yakakurudzirwa yekuwedzera i0.4% -1.2% yehuremu hwekudya, zvichienderana nedanho rekuberekesa uye mamiriro emvura.
Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa muyero we0.6% -0.8% panguva yembeu (PL10-PL30) kukurudzira kukura kwematumbo;

Nguva yekurima inogona kuderedzwa kusvika 0.4% -0.6%, kunyanya kuchengetedza kuenzana kwenharaunda yehutachiona.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti potassium formate inofanira kunyatsosanganiswa nekudya (uchishandisa matanho matatu ekusanganiswa kunokurudzirwa), uye kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune kupisa kwepamusoro uye kunyorova kwepamusoro kunofanira kudziviswa kusati kwadyisa kudzivirira kukoromoka uye kukanganisa palatability.

Iko kusanganiswa kushandiswa neorganic acids (senge citric acid) uye probiotics (seBacillus subtilis) inogona kuburitsa synergistic mhedzisiro, asi kungwarira kunofanirwa kutorwa kudzivirira kuenderana nealkaline zvinhu (senge soda yekubheka).

Kubva pakuona kwekuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri, kushandiswa kwepotassium diformateinoenderana neyakajairwa maitiro egirinhi shanduko mune aquaculture.