Zita:γ- aminobutyric acid()GABA）

Nhamba yeCAS:56-12-2

Mazwi anoreva zvakafanana: 4-Aasidhi yeminobutyric; asidhi yeammonia butyric;Asidhi yepipecolic.

1. Simba reGABA pakudyisa mhuka rinofanira kunge rakafanana munguva yakati. Kudya kwemhuka kwakabatana zvikuru nekugadzirwa kwemhuka nehuku. Senzira yakaoma yekuzvibata nayo, kudya kunonyanya kudzorwa nehurongwa hwetsinga huru. Nzvimbo yekuguta (ventromedial nucleus yehypothalamus) nenzvimbo yekudyisa (lateral hypothalamus area) ndizvo zvinodzora mhuka.

Nzvimbo huru yekudya GABA inogona kukonzera kudya kwemhuka nekudzivisa kushanda kwenzvimbo yekuguta, zvichiwedzera kugona kwekudya kwemhuka. Ongororo dzakawanda dzakaratidza kuti kubaya imwe mhando yeGABA munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeuropi hwemhuka kunogona kukurudzira kudya kwemhuka zvakanyanya uye kune mhedzisiro inoenderana nedosi. Kuwedzera GABA pakudya kwenguruve dzinokora kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya kudya kwenguruve, kuwedzera uremu, uye kusaderedza kushandiswa kwemapuroteni ekudya.

2. Mhedzisiro yeGABA pakugaya kwemudumbu uye Endocrine system. Senzira yekufambisa kana kugadzirisa mashandiro emuviri, GABA inoita basa rakakura muhurongwa hwetsinga dzemuviri dzinozviparadzanisa nemuviri.

3. Mhedzisiro yeGABA pakufamba kwemudumbu. GABA inowanikwa zvakanyanya mudumbu, uye GABA immunoreactive nerve fibers kana masero etsinga akanaka aripo mutsinga dzemuviri uye nemembrane yedumbu remamalia, masero eGABA endocrine anoparadzirwawo mu epithelium yemucosa yemudumbu. GABA ine simba rekutonga pamasero emhasuru dzakatsetseka dzemudumbu, masero eendocrine uye masero asiri eendocrine. GABA yekunze ine simba guru rekudzivirira zvikamu zvemudumbu zvemakonzo zvakaparadzana, izvo zvinoratidzwa mukuderedza kuzorora uye kugadzikana kwezvikamu zvemudumbu zvakaparadzana. Iyi nzira yekudzivirira yeGABA inogona kunge iri kuburikidza nekudzivisa cholinergic uye/kana non cholinergic systems yemudumbu, ichishanda isina adrenergic system; Inogona zvakare kubatana yakazvimirira kune GABA receptor inoenderana pamasero emhasuru dzakatsetseka dzemudumbu.

4. GABA inotonga mashandiro emuviri wemhuka. GABA inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakasiyana-siyana mudumbu sehormone yemuno, senge pane mamwe magland nemahormone e endocrine. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu e in vitro, GABA inogona kukurudzira kuburitswa kwehormone yekukura nekushandisa GABA receptor mudumbu. Homoni yekukura kwemhuka inogona kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwemamwe mapeptide muchiropa (senge IGF-1), kuwedzera mwero wemetabolism yemasero emhasuru, kuwedzera mwero wekukura uye mwero wekushandurwa kwechikafu chemhuka, Panguva imwe chete, yakachinjawo kugoverwa kwezvinovaka muviri mumuviri wemhuka; Zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti mhedzisiro yeGABA inokurudzira kukura inogona kunge yakabatana nekudzora kwayo basa rehomoni yekukura nekuchinja mashandiro ehurongwa hweEndocrine hwetsinga.