Ongororo dzakaitwa mumakonzo dzakaratidza kuti betaine inonyanya kuita basa rekupa methyl muchiropa uye inodzorwa nebetainehomocysteine ​​methyltransferase (BHMT) uye p-cysteine ​​sulfide β Synthetase (β Kudzora cyst (mud et al., 1965). Mhedzisiro iyi yakasimbiswa munguruve nehuku. Kana methyl iripo isina kukwana, muviri wemhuka unoita kuti hemiaminic acid yakakwira igamuchire methyl yebetaine nekuvandudza mashandiro eBHMT kugadzira methionine uye wozopa methyl. Kana uchiwedzera betaine yakaderera, nekuda kwekushomeka kwemethyl mumuviri, chiropa chinowedzera nguva yekutenderera kwehomocysteine ​​→ methionine nekuwedzera mashandiro eBMT nekushandisa betaine se substrate, kuitira kuti ipe methyl yakakwana yemetabolism yezvinhu. Pamadosi akakwira, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwebetaine, kune rumwe rutivi, chiropa chinopa methyl ye methyl receptor nekuvandudza mashandiro eBHMT, uye kune rumwe rutivi, chikamu che homocysteine ​​chinoumba cysteine ​​sulfide kuburikidza nenzira yekufambisa sarufa, kuitira kuti nzira yemethionine yemuviri irambe iri muchimiro chakasimba. Kuedza uku kunoratidza kuti zvakachengeteka kutsiva chikamu chemethionine mukudya kwedhadha remombe ne betaine. Betaine inogona kutorwa nemasero emudumbu ehuku, kuderedza kukuvara kwemishonga kumasero emudumbu, kunatsiridza mashandiro ekutorwa kwemasero emudumbu ehuku, kukurudzira kutorwa kwezvinovaka muviri, uye pakupedzisira kunatsiridza mashandiro ekugadzira uye kuramba zvirwere kwehuku.

Betaineinogona kukurudzira kuburitswa kweGH, izvo zvinogona kukurudzira kugadzirwa kweprotein, kuderedza kuora kwemaamino acids uye kuita kuti muviri uve ne nitrogen balance yakanaka. Betaine inogona kuwedzera cyclic adenosine monophosphate muchiropa nepituitary（ˆ Zviri mukati me am, kuitira kuti iwedzere basa re endocrine re pituitary uye kukurudzira kugadzirwa nekuburitswa kwe (h, thyroid stimulating hormone) nemasero epituitary. α SH nemamwe mahormone zvinogona kuwedzera kuchengetwa kwenitrogen mumuviri, kuitira kuti zvipfuyo nehuku zvikure. Bvunzo iyi inoratidza kuti betaine inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya huwandu hwe serum h ne IGF munguruve pamatanho akasiyana, kukurudzira zvakanyanya kukura kwenguruve pamatanho akasiyana uye kuderedza chiyero chehuremu hwekudya. Nguruve dzakarumurwa, nguruve dzichikura uye nguruve dzakapedza kudya dzakapihwa chikafu chakawedzerwa betaine 8001000 uye 1750ngkg zvichiteerana, uye kuwedzera kwezuva nezuva kwakawedzera ne8.71% N13 20% uye 13.32%, huwandu hweGH muropa hwakawedzera ne46.15%, 102.11% uye 58.33% zvichiteerana, uye huwandu hweIGF hwakawedzera ne38.74%, 4.75% uye 47.95% zvichiteerana (Yu Dongyou et al., 2001). Kuwedzera betaine muchikafu kunogonawo kuvandudza kubereka kwenguruve, kuwedzera huremu hwekuzvarwa uye saizi yehuku mhenyu, uye hakuna mhedzisiro yakaipa panguruve dzine pamuviri.

Betaineinogona kuvandudza kushivirira kwemasero emuviri kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya, munyu wakawanda uye nzvimbo yakakwira ye osmotic, kudzikamisa mashandiro e enzyme uye kinetic energy yema macromolecules emuviri. Kana kumanikidzwa kwe osmotic kwemasero emuviri kuchichinja, betaine inogona kutorwa nemasero, kudzivirira kurasikirwa nemvura uye kupinda kwemunyu mumasero, kuvandudza mashandiro eNa pump ye membrane yesero, kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwe osmotic kwemasero emuviri, kudzora kuenzana kwe osmotic pressure yemasero, kuderedza kushushikana uye kuwedzera kudzivirira zvirwere.Betaineine hunhu hwakafanana ne electrolyte. Kana nzira yekugaya chikafu ikarwiswa nehutachiona, ine simba rekudzivirira masero emudumbu renguruve. Kana nguruve diki dzikarasikirwa nemvura mudumbu uye kusawirirana kwemaion balance nekuda kwemanyoka, betaine inogona kudzivirira kurasikirwa nemvura zvinobudirira uye kudzivirira hyperkalemia inokonzerwa nemanyoka, kuitira kuchengetedza nekudzikamisa ion balance yemudumbu uye kuita kuti mabhakitiriya anobatsira ari mumiti yenguruve iri mudumbu iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwekurumurwa akunde, Mabhakitiriya anokuvadza haazowande muhuwandu hwakawanda, anodzivirira kuburitswa kwema enzymes mudumbu uye kugadzikana kwebasa rawo, anowedzera kukura nekukura kwegadziriro yekugaya chikafu chenguruve diki dzakarumurwa, anowedzera kugaya chikafu uye kuwedzera huremu zuva nezuva, anoderedza zvakanyanya manyoka uye anokurudzira kukura nekukurumidza kwenguruve dzakarumurwa.